PortMaster Routing Guide
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# Configuring OSPF Routing 3

This chapter describes how to configure your PortMaster product for routing using the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. Lucent implements the OSPF protocol as defined in RFC 1583. Also supported are not-so-stubby-areas (NSSAs), defined in RFC 1587, and message-digest 5 (MD5) algorithm authentication, defined in RFC 1321.

This chapter discusses the following topics:

- "OSPF Configuration Tasks" on page 3-1

- "Additional OSPF Settings" on page 3-5

- "Displaying OSPF Settings" on page 3-11

- "OSPF Configuration Examples" on page 3-12

  Use this chapter in conjunction with the PortMaster Command Line Administrator's Guide. See the glossary and Chapter 1, "Routing Overview," for definitions of terms and for an explanation of how PortMaster products implement OSPF.

## OSPF Configuration Tasks

The order of OSPF configuration is very important. Perform the configuration tasks in the following order:

1. Enable the use of OSPF on the PortMaster-see page 3-2.

2. Set the designated and backup router priority-see page 3-2.

3. Set the OSPF areas and ranges-see page 3-2.

4. Enable OSPF on the interfaces-see page 3-3.

5. Enable configuration changes-see page 3-5.

   Note ¯ You must enter the save all and reboot commands immediately after enabling or disabling OSPF routing. After you have configured all the desired OSPF settings, enter the save all command to save the configuration changes, and then enter the reset ospf command to restart OSPF routing.

   Large OSPF routing tables might require you to upgrade your PortMaster to 4MB or 16MB of memory. See your hardware installation guide for instructions on upgrading PortMaster memory.

### Enabling OSPF on the PortMaster

You must enable OSPF routing on the PortMaster before you can configure OSPF settings. To enable routing, enter the following commands:

Command> set ospf enable
Command> save all
Command> reboot

### Setting Router Priority

You must set an OSPF priority for the router. Priorities range from 0 to 255. A calculation is performed on each interface separately to determine the designated router for that interface. The router with the highest priority on a network segment is the designated router. The router with the second highest priority is chosen as the backup designated router that takes over if the designated router becomes unable to perform its duties. If priorities tie, the router with the lower router ID is selected as the designated router. A router assigned priority 0 can never assume the duties of designated router.

To set an OSPF router priority, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf priority Number

### Adding OSPF Areas

In Lucent's current implementation of OSPF, an area is a contiguous set of routers sharing network segments between them. All routers must have at least one interface in area 0.0.0.0, known as the backbone area. Use area 0.0.0.0 if you have only one OSPF area.

To add an OSPF area, enter the following command:

Command> add ospf area Area

You can specify Area in either dotted decimal notation (also known as dotted quad) or decimal notation. For example, the backbone area can be specified as either 0.0.0.0 or 0.

Note ¯ Lucent does not currently support the use of virtual links either to create a noncontiguous area or to enable an area border router to not be directly attached to the backbone.

### Setting OSPF Area Ranges

You must set one or more ranges of network addresses that define each OSPF area. You can set a maximum of eight ranges for each OSPF area. You can also optionally set the type of OSPF route propagation.

To set an OSPF area range and optional route propagation, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf area Area range Prefix/NM [advertise|quiet|off]

Prefix specifies the destination prefix shared by all IP addresses within the range. NM is the netmask that specifies the number of high-order bits in Prefix that must match addresses to include those addresses within the area. The netmask is a number from 1 to 30, preceded by a slash (/)-for example, /24. Table 1-1 on page 1-7 maps the CIDR representation of netmasks to the hexadecimal notation and to the more familiar dot-separated representation.

Routes to the networks within the range are summarized and propagated to other areas if you use the advertise keyword; this is the default. The routes are not summarized or propagated to other areas if you use the quiet keyword. The off keyword removes the specified range from the area.

Caution ¯ Make sure that the ranges set with this command include the addresses for all PortMaster interfaces within this OSPF area.

### Setting OSPF on the Interfaces

You can enable or disable the OSPF protocol on an Ethernet interface or on an asynchronous or synchronous network hardwired port.

### Ethernet Interface

To set OSPF on the interface, enter the following command-all on one line:

Command> set Ether0 ospf on|off [cost Number] [hello-interval Seconds] [dead-time Seconds]

The on keyword enables OSPF on the specified Ethernet interface. The off keyword disables OSPF on that interface.

You can specify the cost of sending a packet on the interface with a link state metric by using the cost Number keyword and value. The Number metric is a 16-bit decimal number between 1 and 65535. The default is 1.

Routers in OSPF networks continually exchange hello packets with their neighbor routers. You can set the interval that elapses between the transmission of hello packets on the interface by using the hello-interval Seconds keyword and value. Seconds can range from 10 to 120 seconds. The default is 10 seconds.

If the PortMaster stops receiving hello packets from a neighbor, it treats that router as inactive, or down. You can specify how long the PortMaster waits for hello packets from neighbors by using the dead-time Seconds keyword and value. Seconds can range from 40 to 1200 seconds. The default is 40 seconds.

Note ¯ You must set the same cost value, the same hello-interval value, and the same dead-time value on all routers attached to a common network.

### Asynchronous or Synchronous Port

To set OSPF on an asynchronous or synchronous port, enter the following command-all on one line:

Command> set S0|W0 ospf on|off [cost Number] [hello-interval Seconds] [dead-time Seconds] [nbma|point-to-multipoint|wan-as-stub-ptmp]

The on keyword enables OSPF on the specified asynchronous (S0) or synchronous (W0) port. The off keyword disables OSPF on that port.

### Enabling OSPF Configuration Changes

After you make all the desired configuration changes, enter the following commands:

Command> save all
Command> reset ospf

The save all command writes all configuration changes to the nonvolatile memory of the PortMaster. The reset ospf command performs the following steps to recreate OSPF startup conditions:

- Removes old MD5 authentication numbers and secrets

- Resets all active neighbors to use new key numbers and secrets

- Restarts OSPF routing, making all configuration changes effective without requiring the PortMaster to be rebooted

## Additional OSPF Settings

This section describes additional commands that you might need for your OSPF configuration.

### Setting an Area Password

You can specify an area password or key to use when you communicate to other routers in the area. The password must be an ASCII string of from 1 to 8 characters.

To set the password, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf area Area password String

### Setting MD5 Authentication

You can specify an MD5 secret for an OSPF area. All routers in the area must have the same key number associated with the MD5 secret.

Caution ¯ Overwriting the current key number with the same number causes the secret to be lost immediately-that is, without rebooting.

To set the key number and the secret for MD5 authentication, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf area Area md5 Number String

The key ID Number associated with the MD5 secret must be an integer between 1 and 255. The MD5 secret String must be an ASCII string of between 1 and 16 characters.

When an MD5 key number and secret are changed, both the old and new numbers and secrets remain valid until either the reboot or reset ospf command is entered.

### Setting a Router ID

Note ¯ The Ether0 IP address is used by default if you set the OSPF router address to 0.0.0.0 or the ID number to 0. Lucent strongly recommends that you use the default setting.

To set the OSPF router IP address or ID number, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf router-id Ipaddress|Number

Caution ¯ Be careful when using this feature. When you set a new router ID, the links belonging to an old router ID take as long as 1 hour to expire. Routing instability can result during the expiration period.

### Propagating External Routes

The propagation settings enable you to specify how routes coming from one routing protocol are translated and advertised by the PortMaster into another routing protocol.

Because external routes can be propagated into transit areas, but not into stub areas, you can determine external route propagation into OSPF areas by defining an area as either a transit area or a stub area.

The backbone area is always defined as a transit area.

A stub area does not attach to any area except the backbone and has no exit other than to the backbone. Because external routes are not propagated to stub areas, stub areas must be given a default route to reach external destinations. See "Injecting the Default Route into a Stub Area or NSSA" on page 3-11 for more information.

To set the propagation of external routes by defining an area as either a transit area or a stub area, use the following command. The keyword on defines the area as a transit area. The keyword off defines the area as a stub area.

Command> set ospf area Area external on|off

### Propagating RIP Routing

For routers running both OSPF and RIP on a network, you can enable the propagation of RIP routes learned on a specified Ethernet interface from other routers into OSPF as OSPF Type 2 external routes. See Table 1-6 on page 1-17 for a description of OSPF route types.

To set RIP route propagation, enter the following command:

Command> set Ether0 ospf accept-rip on|off

If the RIP routes learned on the Ethernet interface originate from routers that are always running both OSPF and RIP, you can avoid duplicating route information by using the default off setting for RIP-to-OSPF propagation.

### Defining Propagation Filters

The propagation filter is an IP access filter that you create in the filter table on the PortMaster. It uses the source addresses specified in the filter list to indicate routes.

Refer to the instructions for configuring filters in the Configuration Guide for PortMaster Products for information on setting filters.

To define a propagation filter, enter the following commands:

Command> add filter Filtername
Command> set filter Filtername RuleNumber permit|deny Prefix(src)/NM Prefix(dest)/NM

Add other keywords and values as needed to the set filter command.

### Defining Propagation Rules

You define a propagation rule to determine how routes coming into the PortMaster in one protocol are translated and advertised in another protocol. You insert the rule into a filter after you create the filter. The filter is stored in the filter table of the PortMaster.

To define a propagation rule, enter the following command-all on one line:

Command> add propagation Protocol(src) Protocol(dest) Metric Filtername
Command> reset propagation

Use the appropriate keyword-rip, static, ospf, bgp-to designate the source and destination protocols. Metric is a common metric used to translate from one protocol to another. A 0 metric causes the PortMaster to attempt to build a metric automatically.

Caution ¯ If you plan to use a constant metric instead of the automatically generated metric provided by the ComOS, you run the risk of creating routing loops if you do not provide for filters or policies to screen the route information the PortMaster accepts from each routing protocol.

### Modifying or Deleting Propagation Rules

Follow this procedure to change or delete a propagation rule:

1. Delete the existing propagation rule as follows:

   Command> delete propagation Protocol(SRC) Protocol(dest)

2. If you are changing a rule, add the revised propagation rule as follows:

   Command> add propagation Protocol(SRC) Protocol(dest) Metric Filtername

3. Reset the propagation rules system as follows:

   Command> reset propagation

4. Follow any additional instructions prompted by the PortMaster.

### Applying Interface-Specific Propagation Route Filters

Apply a propagation route filter to a specific interface by entering the following command:

Command> set Ether0|S0|W1 route-filter in|out Filtername
Command> reset ospf

The route filter is a packet filter that you create in the filter table on the PortMaster. You must specify the Ethernet, asynchronous, or synchronous interface to which the filter is applied. You must also specify whether the filter is applied for inbound or outbound traffic.

Refer to instructions for configuring filters in the Configuration Guide for PortMaster Products for information about setting filters.

The effects of route filters depend on the protocol being filtered and on whether the filter is for inbound or outbound routes.

Table 3-1 describes the effects of route filters.

`Table 3-1 Effects of Protocol on Route Filters`
## Protocol | ## Inbound Route Filter-Route Injection | ## Outbound Route Filter-Route Advertisement
--- | --- | ---
RIP | The filter permit/deny rule applies and determines which routes are placed into the PortMaster routing table when The address of the advertiser of the route matches the source address in the filter. The destination address in the route being advertised matches the destination address in the filter. For RIP, the advertiser is the next-hop (direct) advertiser of the information. | The destination addresses in the filter determine which routes are advertised out of this interface.
OSPF | The filter permit/deny rule applies and determines which routes are placed into the routing table when The address of the advertiser of the route matches the source address in the filter. The destination address in the route being advertised matches the destination address in the filter. For OSPF, the advertiser is the ultimate advertiser of the information, not the next-hop OSPF router. Also, the filter specifies only the information that is in the routing table. Because OSPF area flooding rules make filtering inbound or outbound information on a per-interface basis impractical, applying the same inbound filter to all interfaces running OSPF within the same area is generally good practice. | The filter is ignored. OSPF area flooding rules make the definition of outbound route filters impractical on a per-interface basis. Use propagation filters to translate routing information from RIP, static, or BGP routes so that they do not enter OSPF as external Type 2 routes.

### Setting an NSSA

Not-so-stubby areas (NSSAs) are similar to stub areas except that a form of Type 1 and Type 2 external routes can be learned from NSSAs. The N1/N2 routes learned from an NSSA are translated into corresponding external routes for the backbone and other transit areas that accept external routes. As for stub areas, default costs can be set for NSSAs. See "Setting a Stub Area or NSSA Default Route" on page 3-59 for more information. External routes are not advertised into NSSAs.

To define an area as an NSSA, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf area Area nssa on|off

You can specify the cost of sending a packet on the interface with a link state metric by using the cost Number keyword and value. The Number metric is a 16-bit decimal number between 1 and 65535. The default is 1.

Routers in OSPF networks continually exchange hello packets with their neighbor routers. You can set the interval that elapses between the transmission of hello packets on the interface by using the hello-interval Seconds keyword and value. Seconds can range from 10 to 120 seconds. The default is 10 seconds.

If the PortMaster stops receiving hello packets from a neighbor, it treats that router as inactive, or down. You can specify how long the PortMaster waits for hello packets from neighbors by using the dead-time Seconds keyword and value. Seconds can range from 40 to 1200 seconds. The default is 40 seconds.

### OSPF Handling in a Frame Relay Network

You can specify how OSPF is handled based on the kind of Frame Relay network being used.

- Nonbroadcast Multiaccess-Use the nbma keyword for nonbroadcast multiaccess Frame Relay networks that have full mesh connectivity and all routers on the Frame Relay running OSPF. A designated router is elected, and overall OSPF traffic is reduced.

- Point to Multipoint-Use the point-to-multipoint keyword when the Frame Relay network has partial mesh connectivity or when all OSPF speakers on the network cannot communicate with each other. If you set this keyword, the Frame Relay network is modeled as a series of point-to-point interfaces.

  Configure a point-to-multipoint interface when the show ospf link command displays a large number of available routes, but the show routes command displays no routes learned over the Frame Relay interface.

- WAN as Stub Point to Multipoint-Use the wan-as-stub-ptmp keyword when interoperating with equipment from other vendors that implements a variant of point-to-multipoint. This mode advertises the Frame Relay network as a stub network in the router link state advertisement (LSA) as opposed to the standard host route.

  Use the show ospf links command to check the router LSAs of your neighbors on the Frame Relay network. If they show stub network link entries for the Frame Relay network with the netmask for that network, configure the interface as wan-as-stub-ptmp. If they show the Frame Relay network as a host route with a mask of 255.255.255.255, then configure the interface as point-to-multipoint.

### Injecting the Default Route into a Stub Area or NSSA

You can enable an area border router to create and inject the default route (0.0.0.0) into a stub area or NSSA. The default route is advertised to a stub area or NSSA when you specify a cost-an integer from 0 to 15. Lower costs are preferred.

To enable the injection of external routes into a stub area or NSSA, enter the following command:

Command> set ospf area Area stub-default-cost Cost

To disable the injection of external routes into a stub area, specify a cost of 0.

## Displaying OSPF Settings

Several commands enable you to display detailed information about your OSPF configuration.

To display information on the configured OSPF areas, enter the following command:

Command> show ospf areas

To display a summary of the OSPF database with one line per link state advertisement (LSA), enter the following command-all on one line:

Command> show ospf links [router|network|summary|external|nssa]

To show information about routers directly accessible through your network interfaces, enter the following command:

Command> show ospf neighbor

See the Command Line Administrator's Guide for detailed explanations and examples of these commands.

## OSPF Configuration Examples

This section provides the following examples of OSPF network configurations:

- "Propagating OSPF over a Single WAN Link" on page 3-12

- "Nonbroadcast Multiaccess" on page 3-18

- "Nonbroadcast Multiaccess Multiple Areas" on page 3-28

- "Fully Meshed Frame Relay" on page 3-41

- "Point-to-Multipoint Partially Meshed Frame Relay" on page 3-53

### Propagating OSPF over a Single WAN Link

This example shows how to connect two OSPF areas over a single WAN connection using numbered serial ports. The example uses PortMaster Office Routers on Ethernet (see Figure 3-1), although any PortMaster router or network type could be used.

Note ¯ Because OSPF applies an area to each port that falls within the range you set for it, any port or network segment over which you want to propagate OSPF must be in the same range.

For a discussion of typical problems encountered in this type of configuration, see "Propagating OSPF over a WAN Link" on page A-15 in Appendix A.

`Figure 3-1 Propagating OSPF over a WAN Link`

### Configuration on OR-HS2

The order of OSPF configuration is important. First set priority (and router ID if desired), then set areas and ranges, and finally enable OSPF for the interfaces.

The complete configuration for OR-HS2 appears in the following box:

Command> set S1 address 192.168.2.1 Command> set S1 destination 192.168.2.2 Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> add ospf area 1 Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.2.0/24 Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set S1 ospf on Command> set Ether0 ospf on Command> reset s1 Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring OS-HS2:

1. Set the local IP address of the network hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

   Command> set S1 address 192.168.2.1
   Port S1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.2.1

2. Set the IP address of the remote router for a network hardwired synchronous port:

   Command> set S1 destination 192.168.2.2
   Port W1 destination changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.2.2

3. Enable the use of OSPF on this router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   OSPF will be enabled after next reboot

4. Save the configuration and reboot the router:

   Command> save all
   Saving global configuration
   Saving ports
   User table successfully saved
   Hosts table successfully saved
   Static route table successfully saved
   Location table successfully saved
   SNMP table successfully saved
   Filter table successfully saved
   New configurations successfully saved

   Command> reboot

5. Add Area 1 to the area tables of OR-HS2:

   Command> add ospf area 1
   New Area successfully added

6. Set the ranges of network addresses that define the OSPF area:

   Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.2.0/24
   Area successfully updated

7. Set the Area 1 OSPF range for the Ethernet port:

   Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Area successfully updated

8. Enable the OSPF protocol on the synchronous network hardwired port:

   Command> set S1 ospf on
   S1 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Enable the OSPF protocol on the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set Ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

10. Reset the synchronous network hardwired port:

    Command> reset S1
    Resetting port S1

11. Save the configuration:

    Command> save all
    Command> reset ospf

### Configuration on OR-HS1

The complete configuration for OR-HS1 appears in the following box:

Command> set S1 address 192.168.2.2 Command> set S1 destination 192.168.2.1 Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.0.0.0/8 Command> add ospf area 1 Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.2.0/24 Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set S1 ospf on Command> set Ether0 ospf on Command> reset s1 Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring OS-HS1:

1. Set the local IP address of the network hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

   Command> set S1 address 192.168.2.2
   Port S1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.2.2

2. Set the IP address of the remote router for a network hardwired synchronous port:

   Command> set S1 destination 192.168.2.1
   Port W1 destination changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.2.1

3. Enable the use of OSPF on this router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   OSPF will be enabled after next reboot

4. Save the configuration and reboot the router:

   Command> save all
   Saving global configuration
   Saving ports
   User table successfully saved
   Hosts table successfully saved
   Static route table successfully saved
   Location table successfully saved
   SNMP table successfully saved
   Filter table successfully saved
   New configurations successfully saved

   Command> reboot

5. Add Area 0 to the area tables of OR-HS1:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

6. Set the ranges of network addresses that define OSPF Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.0.0.0/8
   Area successfully updated

7. Add Area 1 to the area tables of OR-HS1:

   Command> add ospf area 1
   New Area successfully added

8. Set the ranges of network addresses that define OSPF Area 1:

   Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.2.0/24
   Area successfully updated

9. Set the Area 1 OSPF range for the Ethernet port:

   Command> set ospf area 1 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Area successfully updated

10. Enable the OSPF protocol on the synchronous network hardwired port:

    Command> set S1 ospf on
    S1 ospf state changed from off to on

11. Enable the OSPF protocol on the Ethernet interface:

    Command> set Ether0 ospf on
    Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

12. Reset the synchronous network hardwired port:

    Command> reset S1
    Resetting port S1

13. Save the configuration:

    Command> save all
    Command> reset ospf

### Nonbroadcast Multiaccess

The most basic OSPF scenario in a nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) network is a single network in a single OSPF area. Figure 3-2 shows a more typical scenario, which includes more than one network in a single area. In this configuration, all routers that are members of the network can respond to any ARP packet that goes out on the network.

Although this example uses Ethernet, the example applies as well to any network type.

Note ¯ Because this example is not concerned with configuring the gateway, no gateway address or netmask is included in the illustration or example configuration.

`NBMA`

Assumptions:

- Router 1 is the designated router on Ethernet1.

- Router 3 is the backup designated router for Ethernet1.

- Router 3 is the gateway for Ethernet2.

- Router 4 is the designated router on Ethernet2.

### Configuration on Router 1

The complete configuration for Router 1 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.1 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ospf priority 2 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 1:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.1
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1

4. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 2
   OSPF priority changed from 0 to 2

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Ethernet 1:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set the OSPF area range for Ethernet 2:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24
   Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

9. Set Ethernet OSPF on:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

10. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

11. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 2

The complete configuration for Router 2 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1 Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.2 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 2:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.2
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.2

4. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 255.255.255.128 to 255.255.255.128

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set the OSPF area range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24
   Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

9. Set Ethernet OSPF on:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

10. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

11. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 3

The complete configuration for Router 3 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1 Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.3 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ether1 address 10.10.10.1 Command> set ether1 netmask 255.255.255.0 Command> set priority 1 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 3:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet 0 address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.3
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.3

4. Set the Ethernet 0 netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

5. Set the Ethernet 1 address:

   Command> set ether1 address 10.10.10.1
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 10.10.10.1

6. Set the Ethernet 1 netmask:

   Command> set ether1 netmask 255.255.255.0
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.0

7. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 1
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 1

8. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

9. Set the OSPF area range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

10. Set the OSPF area range:

    Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24
    Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
    Area successfully updated

11. Set Ethernet OSPF on:

    Command> set ether0 ospf on
    Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

12. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

13. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 4

The complete configuration for Router 4 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 10.10.10.1 Command> set ether0 address 10.10.10.2 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.0 Command> set priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 4:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 10.10.10.1
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 10.10.10.1, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet 0 address:

   Command> set ether0 address 10.10.10.2
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 10.10.10.2

4. Set the Ethernet 0 netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.0
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.0

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set the OSPF area range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 10.10.10.0/24
   Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

9. Set Ethernet OSPF on:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

10. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

11. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Nonbroadcast Multiaccess Multiple Areas

Figure 3-3 shows a slightly more complex OSPF network configuration than that shown in Figure 3-2, involving multiple areas.

Note ¯ Because this example is not concerned with configuring the gateway, no gateway address or netmask is included in the illustration or example configuration.

`NBMA Multiple Areas` Assumptions:

- Area 0 consists of Router1, Router 2, and Router 3 on Ethernet1.

- Area 1 consists of Router 2 and Router 5 on Ethernet2.

- Area 2 consists of Router 3 and Router 4 on Ethernet3.

### Configuration on Router 1

The complete configuration for Router 1 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.1 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ospf priority 2 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 1:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

  Command> set ospf enable
  Command> save all
  Command> reboot

1. Set the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

2. Set the Ethernet address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.1
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1

3. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

4. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 2
   OSPF priority changed from 4 to 2

5. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

6. Set the OSPF area range for Ethernet 1:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

7. Set Ethernet OSPF on:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

8. Save changes:

   Command> save all
   Saving global configuration
   Saving ports
   User table successfully saved
   Hosts table successfully saved
   Static route table successfully saved
   Location table successfully saved
   SNMP table successfully saved
   Filter table successfully saved
   New configurations successfully saved

9. Make OSPF configuration effective:

   Command> reset ospf
   Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 2

The complete configuration for Router 2 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1 Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.2 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ether1 address 10.10.10.1 Command> set ether1 netmask 255.255.255.0 Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> add ospf area 1 Command> set ospf area 1 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set ether1 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 2:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet 0 address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.2
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.2

4. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

5. Set the Ethernet 1 address:

   Command> set ether1 address 10.10.10.1
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 10.10.10.1

6. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether1 netmask 255.255.255.0
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

7. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 2 to 0

8. Define the OSPF Area 0:

   Command> add ospf Area 0
   New Area successfully added

9. Set the OSPF Area 0 range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

10. Define the OSPF Area 1:

    Command> add ospf area 1
    New Area successfully added

11. Set the OSPF Area 1 range:

    Command> set ospf area 1 range 10.10.10.0/24
    Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
    Area successfully updated

12. Set Ethernet 0 OSPF on:

    Command> set ether0 ospf on
    Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

13. Set Ethernet 1 OSPF on:

    Command> set ether1 ospf on
    Ether1 ospf state changed from off to on

14. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

15. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration for Router 3

The complete configuration for Router 3 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1 Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.3 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ether1 address 192.168.1.129 Command> set ether1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ospf priority 1 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25 Command> add ospf area 2 Command> set ospf area 2 range 192.168.1.128/15 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set ether1 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 3:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 192.168.1.1
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet 0 address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.3
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.3

4. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

5. Set the Ethernet 1 address:

   Command> set ether1 address 192.168.1.129
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.129

6. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

7. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 1
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 1

8. Define the OSPF Area 0:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

9. Set the OSPF Area 0 range:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/25
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

10. Define the OSPF Area 2:

    Command> add ospf area 2
    New Area successfully added

11. Set the OSPF Area 2 range:

    Command> set ospf area 2 range 192.168.1.128/15
    Range 192.168.1.128 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
    Area successfully updated

12. Set Ethernet 0 OSPF on:

    Command> set ether0 ospf on
    Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

13. Set Ethernet 1 OSPF on:

    Command> set ether1 ospf on
    Ether1 ospf state changed from off to on

14. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

15. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration for Router 4

The complete configuration for Router 4 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 192.168.1.129 Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.130 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 1 Command> set ospf area 1 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 4:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 192.168.1.129
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.129, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet 0 address:

   Command> set ether0 address 192.168.1.130
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.130

4. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.128
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 0

6. Define the OSPF Area 1:

   Command> add ospf area 1
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF Area 1 range:

   Command> set ospf area 1 range 10.10.10.0/24
   Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set Ethernet 0 OSPF on:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Save changes:

   Command> save all
   Saving global configuration
   Saving ports
   User table successfully saved
   Hosts table successfully saved
   Static route table successfully saved
   Location table successfully saved
   SNMP table successfully saved
   Filter table successfully saved
   New configurations successfully saved

10. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration for Router 5

The complete configuration for Router 5 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway 10.10.10.1 Command> set ether0 address 10.10.10.2 Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.0 Command> set ospf priority 1 Command> add ospf area 1 Command> set ospf area 1 range 10.10.10.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 5:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the gateway router:

   Command> set gateway 10.10.10.1
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to 10.10.10.1, metric = 1

3. Set the Ethernet 0 address:

   Command> set ether0 address 10.10.10.2
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 10.10.10.2

4. Set the Ethernet netmask:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.0
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.0

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 1
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 1

6. Define the OSPF Area 1:

   Command> add ospf area 1
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF Area 1 range:

   Command> set ospf area 1 range 10.10.10.0/24
   Range 10.10.10.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set Ethernet 0 OSPF on:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Save changes:

   Command> save all
   Saving global configuration
   Saving ports
   User table successfully saved
   Hosts table successfully saved
   Static route table successfully saved
   Location table successfully saved
   SNMP table successfully saved
   Filter table successfully saved
   New configurations successfully saved

10. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Fully Meshed Frame Relay

The fully meshed Frame Relay network in Figure 3-4 is another example of a nonbroadcast multiaccess configuration. The significant difference between this configuration and the configuration in Figure 3-2 is that the network medium type in Figure 3-4 is Frame Relay.

Note ¯ Because this example is not concerned with configuring the gateway, no gateway address or netmask is included in the illustration or example configuration.

`NBMA Fully Meshed Frame Relay`

### Configuration on Router 1

The complete configuration for Router 1 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z Command> set ospf priority 1 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.129 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 1:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 1
   OSPF priority changed from 3 to 1

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.129
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.129

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 ospf on
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 2

The complete configuration for Router 2 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z Command> set ospf priority 2 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.132 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 2:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 2
   OSPF priority changed from 4 to 2

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.132
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.132

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 ospf on
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 3

The complete configuration for Router 3 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.131 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 3:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 3 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.131
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.131

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 ospf on
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 4

The complete configuration for Router 4 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.130 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 4:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 4 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.130
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.130

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 ospf on
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Point-to-Multipoint Partially Meshed Frame Relay

Because permanent virtual circuits (PVCs) are provided by the access carrier and can be expensive, a fully meshed configuration might not be cost-effective. Also, if your organization has multiple remote sites with virtual circuits built into concentration routers at the central site, a hub and spoke configuration might be a better solution.

In Figure 3-5, although Router 4 is not directly linked to Route 3 and Router 5, it can communicate with them (is partially meshed) via its PVC connection with Router 2.

Note ¯ Because this example is not concerned with configuring the gateway, no gateway address or netmask is included in the illustration or example configuration.

`Point-to-Multipoint Partially Meshed Frame Relay`

### Configuration on Router 2

The complete configuration for Router 2 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x ==> IP address of gateway Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y ==> IP address of Ethernet interface Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z ==> Netmask of Ethernet subnet Command> set ospf priority 1 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.129 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 2:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 1
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 1

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.129
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.129

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port and set it as the interface to a point-to-multipoint Frame Relay network:

    Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 3

The complete configuration for Router 3 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x ==> IP address of gateway Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y ==> IP address of Ethernet interface Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z ==> Netmask of Ethernet subnet Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.130 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 3:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.130
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.130

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port and set it as the interface to a point-to-multipoint Frame Relay network:

    Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 4

The complete configuration for Router 4 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x ==> IP address of gateway Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y ==> IP address of Ethernet interface Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z ==> Netmask of Ethernet subnet Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.131 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 4:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.131
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.131

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port and set it as the interface to a point-to-multipoint Frame Relay network:

    Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

### Configuration on Router 5

The complete configuration for Router 5 appears in the following box:

Command> set ospf enable Command> save all Command> reboot Command> set gateway x.x.x.x ==> IP address of gateway Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y ==> IP address of Ethernet interface Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z ==> Netmask of Ethernet subnet Command> set ospf priority 0 Command> add ospf area 0 Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24 Command> set ether0 ospf on Command> set w1 network hardwired Command> set w1 protocol frame Command> set w1 lmi 10 Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.132 Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128 Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint Command> save all Command> reset ospf

The following procedure shows the separate tasks for configuring Router 5:

1. Enable OSPF on the router:

   Command> set ospf enable
   Command> save all
   Command> reboot

2. Set the IP address of the upstream gateway router:

   Command> set gateway x.x.x.x
   Gateway changed from 0.0.0.0 to x.x.x.x, metric = 1

3. Set the address of the Ethernet interface:

   Command> set ether0 address y.y.y.y
   Local (ether0) address changed from 0.0.0.0 to y.y.y.y

4. Set the netmask of the Ethernet subnet:

   Command> set ether0 netmask 255.255.255.z
   Ether0 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.z

5. Set the router priority:

   Command> set ospf priority 0
   OSPF priority changed from 5 to 0

6. Define the OSPF area:

   Command> add ospf area 0
   New Area successfully added

7. Set the OSPF area range for Area 0:

   Command> set ospf area 0 range 192.168.1.0/24
   Range 192.168.1.0 for area 0.0.0.0 successfully updated
   Area successfully updated

8. Set OSPF on for ether0:

   Command> set ether0 ospf on
   Ether0 ospf state changed from off to on

9. Set the network type for the synchronous port:

   Command> set w1 network hardwired
   Port type for port W1 changed from Network to Network(hardwired)

10. Set the transport protocol for the hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 protocol frame
    Port type for port W1 changed from ppp to frame relay

11. Set the local management interface polling interval:

    Command> set w1 lmi 10
    LMI keepalive timer for W1 changed from 0 to 10

12. Set the local IP address for the hardwired synchronous port to create a numbered interface:

    Command> set w1 address 192.168.1.132
    Port W1 local address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.132

13. Set the IP netmask of the remote router for the network hardwired synchronous port:

    Command> set w1 netmask 255.255.255.128
    W1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.128

14. Enable the OSPF protocol on the hardwired synchronous port and set it as the interface to a point-to-multipoint Frame Relay network:

    Command> set w1 ospf on point-to-multipoint
    W1 ospf state changed from off to on

15. Save changes:

    Command> save all
    Saving global configuration
    Saving ports
    User table successfully saved
    Hosts table successfully saved
    Static route table successfully saved
    Location table successfully saved
    SNMP table successfully saved
    Filter table successfully saved
    New configurations successfully saved

16. Make OSPF configuration effective:

    Command> reset ospf
    Resetting OSPF

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